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5.1-5.6 Notes

5.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.6

5.1 Notes Beneficial and Harmful Effects

Accelerometer:

Automobile industry drove price down
Used for airbag deployment and lateral movement detection

Quadcopter “brain”

Multirotor

Benefit - deliveries, finding lost people, aerial photography
Harmful - flying in unregulated zones is illegal and dangerous

Wii controller

Benefit - gets people active with video games
Harmful - Broken TV’s and injuries

3D Printers

Open-source software for computer and printer
Can make organs/prosthetics, houses, shoes

Internet

People spend more time on internet than sleeping
Sleep deprivation, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, dopamine feedback loops

Microtransactions

“Free” Games/Apps
Cosmetics, paywall to functionality, pay-to-win

5.2 Digital Divide

Based on socioeconomic and geographic demographics

In some countries:

Computers are not common in rural areas
Only small number of websites
Internet used to protect government
High level of surveillance to protect government

5.3 Computing Bias

Netflix

Explicit Data
Name, address

Implicit Data:

When you watch
What you watch
Style of show Bias:
Exclusives featured ahead of most Software can be biased
Casual vs Sweaty
Youtube Kids
Facebook vs Instagram vs Snapchat/Tik Tok
WeChat/KakaoTalk

5.4 Crowdsourcing

Kaggle:

Courses in visualizations, TensorFlow, AI, machine learning
Competitions
Notebooks

Distributed Computing:

Donate spare computing power to help calculations

Spotify:

Collaborative playlists
Algorithm
Metadata write in

Crowdfunding:

Kickstarter
IndieGoGo
BlockChain

5.5 Legal and Ethical Concerns

Intellectual property (IP)

A work or invention that is the result of creativity to which one has rights

Protects IP and keeps anyone from using it - Plagiarism: Presenting material as your own
Legal ways to use material
Creative Commons
Open source
Open access
Creative Commons
Provides free licenses that tells others how you want your creations to be used

Open source

Programs made freely available for anyone to use and may be redistributed and modified

Open Access

Online research output free of any and all restrictions on access and free of many restrictions on use, such as copyright or license restrictions Digital Divide: Unequal distribution of access to technology

5.6 Safe Computing

Personally Identifiable information (PII): Information specific to individual

Social security number
Age
Race
Phone #
Date of birth
Email address
Mailing address
Can be used to steal someone’s data
Search engines maintain our search history
Used to enhance a user’s online experience
Can be exploited if protections are ignored
Google, Facebook, and Twitter gather lots of information based on what you search and post
Lots of risks to privacy as your activity is recorded and kept in data
Information put on the internet does not go away
Internet is an integral part of our lives

Phishing:

An attempt to trick a user into providing personal information, like usernames and passwords
Phising emails look like they are from a company that you know
Bank
Credit card company
Social networking site
Video streaming service
Online Store
Click on a link or opening an attachment Clicking on a link or opening an attachment can install a virus or a bad website

Keylogger:

Records every keystroke made by a user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords or other confidential information

Rogue Access Point: A wireless network that can give unauthorized access to secure networks

Authentication measures are strong passwords and multi-factor authentication
Protects devices and information from unauthorized access
Create strong passwords have requirements to make them more complex/secure
Multi-factor authentication: what you know, what you are, what you have
Virus and malware can get access to systems and affect it

Asymmetric encryption:

Public key for encrypting
Private key for decrypting